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''United States v. Johnson'', , was a United States Supreme Court case. ==Background== Johnson and others (respondents) claimed title to a tract of land under the Mexican government. Their grantor, Chaves, had received a deed in 1845 from Pio Pico, a Mexican governor of California. The deed recited that "the necessary steps and investigations were previously taken and made in conformity with the requirements of laws and regulations."〔The title of Chaves was found among the archives. The deed of Governor Pico was authenticated below by proof of his handwriting, and that of his secretary, who witnessed it.〕 On the 8th May, 1846, the espediente 〔a term of the Mexican land law, referred to in the case's text as an "expedient": :"When complete, an expedient usually consists of the petition the diseno annexed; a marginal decree approving the petition, the order of reference to the proper officer for information; the report of that officer in conformity to the order; the decree of concession, and the copy, or a duplicate of the grant. These several papers, -- that is, the petition with the diseno annexed, the order of reference, the informe, the decree of concession, and the copy of the grant, appended together, in the order mentioned, -- constitute a complete expedient within the meaning of the Mexican law." -- United States v. Knight's Admr., 1 Black, 245.〕 was laid before the Departmental Assembly, and was ordered to be referred to the Committee on Vacant Lands. As a house had been built on the land by a community of priests, of the mission of St. Antonio, the committee recommended that "the expedient be remitted to the authorities of that jurisdiction to be reported on, and to the person in charge of San Antonio, in order that he may say in what condition that house was at the time the grant was made, so that it might be valued, and that community be indemnified, to avoid questions relative to the expedient, to the end that, after these proceedings are concluded, the respective approval may be given." Some of the deeds through which the claimants based their title had slight irregularities in various signatures. With these documents and this evidence, Johnson and the other claimants having presented their petition to the Board of Commissioners established by the act of March 3d, 1851, "to ascertain and settle private land claims in the State of California," and that board having confirmed it, the United States took the case by appeal into the District Court, which court having also confirmed it, the case came to the Supreme Court: the question being whether the petition for confirmation of the claim was rightly granted and affirmed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「United States v. Johnson (1863)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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